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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2004.031</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2004.031</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>CFD Application in Natural Ventilation Design</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Wright</surname><given-names>NG</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Etheridge</surname><given-names>DW</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Quinn</surname><given-names>AD</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">School of Civil Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">School of the Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK</aff>
      <aff id="aff3">Environmental Engineering Group, Silsoe Research Institute, Bedford, UK</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2004</year></pub-date>
      <volume>3</volume>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-1-995850-06-1</isbn>
      <fpage>1</fpage>
      <lpage>6</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2004.031"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>28 June 2004</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2004 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2004</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>Recently a number of new design tools have been developed for research and industry to predict natural ventilation effects in buildings. This paper shows the use of CFD to predict the cross ventilation rate of a single-zone building with two dominant openings. To validate the CFD results, full-scale experiments had been undertaken under various weather conditions. RANS model predictions proved reliable when wind directions were near normal to the vent openings. However, when the fluctuating ventilation rate exceeded the mean flow, RANS models were incapable of predicting the total ventilation rate. Improved results are expected by applying more sophisticated turbulence models, such as LES or weighted quasi-steady approximations.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>natural ventilation</kwd>
        <kwd>CFD</kwd>
        <kwd>turbulence models</kwd>
        <kwd>full-scale measurements</kwd>
        <kwd>mean flow rates</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>28 to 30 June 2004</conf-date>
        <conf-name>3rd International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2004</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>3</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Nottingham, United Kingdom</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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