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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2008.017</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2008.017</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>Super Efficient Greenhouse Design</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Phillip</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Zhu</surname><given-names>Jie</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Riffat</surname><given-names>Saffa</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">School of the Built Environment, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2008</year></pub-date>
      <volume>7</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-1-995850-08-5</isbn>
      <fpage>149</fpage>
      <lpage>155</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2008.017"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>24 August 2008</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2008 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2008</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>Building envelopes which require high light transmissions, such as greenhouses, need a highly dynamic system to provide shading at peak loads when solar radiation levels are too high, and also provide thermal insulation at night when the surrounding temperature is lower than required for optimal plant conditions. Removable liquid foam within a transparent double layer is presented in this paper, which enables rapid shading and night-time insulation without compromising available light when these are not required. Heat transfer through the foam was measured in a testing rig with 3 different bubble diameters and 2 different foam depths, and a model developed to begin to explain the foams effect on the convection forces within the cavity. Numerous chemical formulas were tested to produce a foam that could remain in place for more than 2 hours. Experiments to ascertain the effect of the foam material on conductive heat transfer within the cavity were conducted, and the results demonstrated this to be negligible. These initial experimental results are valuable for this novel dynamic system design.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>greenhouse</kwd>
        <kwd>energy</kwd>
        <kwd>liquid foam</kwd>
        <kwd>bubbles</kwd>
        <kwd>shading</kwd>
        <kwd>insulation</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>24 to 27 August 2008</conf-date>
        <conf-name>7th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2008</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>7</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Seoul, Korea</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ref-r1">
        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cucumber Growers Association. 2008. UK growers in crisis [online]. [accessed 12th June 2008]. Available from World Wide Web: &lt;http://www.cucumbergrowers.co.uk/news_page1.html&gt;</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref-r2">
        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cunningham, WA., 1984. Energy in protected cultivation III: New materials for Development for liquid foam insulation and shading. Acta Horticulturae. 148.</mixed-citation>
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      <ref id="ref-r3">
        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">CIBSE, “CIBSE Guide B: Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration”, Page Bros. Ltd., Norwich, 2004, Section 2, p. 78</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
