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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2008.091</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2008.091</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>Predicted Thermal Performance of Transparent Bubble Structures</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Gan</surname><given-names>Guohui</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        <email>Guohui.gan@nottingham.ac.uk</email>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Riffat</surname><given-names>Saffa</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">School of the Built Environment, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2008</year></pub-date>
      <volume>7</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-1-995850-08-5</isbn>
      <fpage>708</fpage>
      <lpage>715</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2008.091"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>24 August 2008</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2008 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2008</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>This paper presents the thermal performance of transparent structures that incorporate super thermal insulation via a bubble technology. The transparent structure is a cavity formed by transparent interior and exterior membranes and filled with liquid bubbles. The liquid bubbles in the cavity transmit daylight while providing a thick blanket of insulation, which reduces heat losses in winter and solar gains in summer. Such structures are extremely energy efficient and could be used as transparent building envelopes in place of conventional glazing for facades and/or atrium roofs as well as greenhouses. CFD has been used to assess the thermal performance of two structures of semicircular and pitch-roof configurations. The effects of bubbe diameter, density and distribution as well as cavity width on the insulation level in terms of cavity convective heat transfer coefficient have been determined numerically. It has been found that the cavity convective heat transfer coefficient of a bubble structure increases with bubble diameter and porosity but decreases with the increase in cavity width and bubble filling depth. The cavity heat transfer coefficient also increases with the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>transparent envelope</kwd>
        <kwd>bubble technology</kwd>
        <kwd>insulation</kwd>
        <kwd>cavity heat transfer</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>24 to 27 August 2008</conf-date>
        <conf-name>7th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2008</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>7</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Seoul, Korea</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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</article>
