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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2008.267</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2008.267</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>Optimization of systems with the combination of ground-source heat pump and solar collectors in dwellings</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Kjellsson</surname><given-names>Elisabeth</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        <email>Elisabeth.Kjellsson@byggtek.lth.se</email>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Hellström</surname><given-names>Göran</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Perers</surname><given-names>Bengt</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">Research Engineer, Building Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">Dept. of Mathematical Physics, Lund University, Sweden</aff>
      <aff id="aff3">Dept. of Energy and Building Design, Lund University, Sweden</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2008</year></pub-date>
      <volume>7</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-1-995850-08-5</isbn>
      <fpage>1912</fpage>
      <lpage>1919</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2008.267"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>24 August 2008</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2008 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2008</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>The use of ground-source heat pumps for heating and domestic hot water in dwellings is increasing rapidly in Sweden. The heat pump extracts heat from the ground by a borehole, normally between 80-180 m deep. In order to reduce the electricity demand in the system, the combination with solar collectors is introduced. This system may be designed in many ways and the advantages differ a lot. In order to analyze different systems with combinations of solar collectors and ground source heat pumps, computer simulations have been carried out with the simulation program TRNSYS. Large differences were found between the systems. The optimal design is when the solar heat may be used directly for domestic hot water during summertime and used for recharging the borehole during wintertime. The advantage is related to the rate of heat extraction from the borehole as well as the whole design of the system. The demand of electricity may increase with solar recharging, because of the increased operating time of the circulation pumps. Another advantage with solar heat in combination with heat pumps is when the boreholes or neighbouring installations are drilled so close that they are thermally influencing each other. This may lead to decreasing temperatures in the ground, which gives decreased performance of the heat pump and increased use of electricity. The net annual heat extraction from the ground is reduced by recharge from solar heat.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Solar collectors</kwd>
        <kwd>ground source heat pump</kwd>
        <kwd>energy efficiency in buildings</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>24 to 27 August 2008</conf-date>
        <conf-name>7th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2008</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>7</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Seoul, Korea</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ref-r1">
        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kjellsson, E. 2004. Solar Heating in Dwellings with Analysis of Combined Solar Collectors and Ground-source Heat Pump (in Swedish), Report TVBH 3047, Dept. of Building Physics, Lund University, Sweden, 2004. (Possible to download from www.byfy.lth.se/Publikationer/3000.htm)</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref-r2">
        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Perers, B. 2006. A Dynamic Collector Model for Simulation of the operation below the dewpoint in Heat Pump Systems. Proceedings of the International Conference EuroSun 2006 in Glasgow 27-30 Juni 2006.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
