<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" dtd-version="1.3" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2011.105</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2011.105</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>G-Series: as an environmental friendly hybrid fossil-bio transportation fuel</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Nematizade</surname><given-names>Pegah</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
        <name><surname>Ghobadian</surname><given-names>Barat</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        <email>bghobadian2004@yahoo.com</email>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Najafi</surname><given-names>Gholamhasan</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">Agricultural Engineering Dept., Tarbiat Modares University, Iran</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2011</year></pub-date>
      <volume>10</volume>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-1-995850-03-0</isbn>
      <fpage>1</fpage>
      <lpage>7</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2011.105"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>4 September 2011</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2011 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>In this research, gasoline fuel was considered as the baseline fuel. Bioethanol, biodiesel and diesel were added to gasoline as additives. The fuel blends were prepared on different volume basis. Afterwards, some of the important properties of blends including density, dynamic viscosity, kinematic viscosity and water and sediment were evaluated by following ASTM test methods. Experimental data were analyzed and results showed that increasing in volume percentage of bioethanol, biodiesel and diesel in fuel blends would be effective on fuel blends properties. In mixtures with different volume percentage of diesel fuel amount of water and sediment remains constant with increasing in volume percentage of biodiesel. In constant volume of biodiesel with increasing in volume percentage of bioethanol amount of water and sediment increased. The range of water and sediment changes remains constant with increasing in proportion of diesel fuel. With increasing in volume percentage of biodiesel, the amounts of dynamic viscosity and kinematic viscosity have a rising linear trend. In addition, in constant volume of biodiesel, with increasing in volume percentage of bioethanol dynamic viscosity and kinematic viscosity slightly increases. The range of dynamic viscosity and kinematic viscosity changes increases with increasing in proportion of diesel fuel. With increasing in volume percentage of biodiesel amount of density remains constant. Also, in constant volume of biodiesel with increasing in volume percentage of bioethanol amount of density remains constant too. The range of density changes remains constant with increasing in proportion of diesel fuel.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Gasoline</kwd>
        <kwd>Biodiesel</kwd>
        <kwd>Bioethanol</kwd>
        <kwd>Diesel</kwd>
        <kwd>Dynamic viscosity</kwd>
        <kwd>Kinematic viscosity</kwd>
        <kwd>Density</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>4 to 7 September 2011</conf-date>
        <conf-name>10th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2011</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>10</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Istanbul, Türkiye</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
  </body>
  <back>
  </back>
</article>
