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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2012.149</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2012.149</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>Effect of Thermal Energy Storage in District Energy Systems</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Rezaie</surname><given-names>Behnaz</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Reddy</surname><given-names>Bale V.</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Rosen</surname><given-names>Marc A.</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, ON, L1H 7K4, Canada</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2012</year></pub-date>
      <volume>11</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-1-995850-02-3</isbn>
      <fpage>1447</fpage>
      <lpage>1456</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2012.149"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>2 September 2012</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2012 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>An important action in addressing environmental challenges is the intelligent and efficient use of energy, including reducing and/or reusing waste energy and using low carbon fuels to reduce GHG emissions. District energy (DE) is a beneficial method of using energy efficiently and effectively at the societal level. Integrating other beneficial energy technologies with a district energy system can considerably improve the efficiency of the combined system. Here, advantages of using thermal energy storage (TES) as a complementary system for solar energy collectors is examined, within the context of the Friedrichshafen district heating system, which utilizes renewable energy. The TES in the Friedrichshafen district energy system enhances its performance. Specifically, TES improves the performance of the solar energy system, reducing annual natural gas consumption and annual fuel costs by 30%.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>renewable energy</kwd>
        <kwd>thermal energy storage</kwd>
        <kwd>district energy</kwd>
        <kwd>waste heat</kwd>
        <kwd>Friedrichshafen district heating system</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>2 to 5 September 2012</conf-date>
        <conf-name>11th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2012</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>11</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Vancouver, Canada</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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