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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2016.018</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2016.018</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>Light and experience in learning environment, human behaviour and energy issues in libraries in Singapore</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Wong</surname><given-names>Wai Ying</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        <email>wong.wai.ying@cpgcorp.com.sg</email>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Lau</surname><given-names>Benson</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        <email>Benson.Lau@nottingham.ac.uk</email>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">CPG Consultants Pte Ltd, 1 Gateway Drive, Westgate Tower, #23-01, Singapore 608531</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">The University of Nottingham, Department of Architecture &amp; Built Environment, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK</aff>
      <aff id="aff3">Department of Architecture &amp; Built Environment, Nottingham University, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date>
      <volume>15</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-0-85358-338-7</isbn>
      <fpage>154</fpage>
      <lpage>166</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2016.018"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>22 January 2021</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2016 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>Light plays an important role in architecture. This paper aims to study how daylight impacts on the visual comfort and appreciation of space, human behaviour and the associated energy issues in the libraries of tropical Singapore. This study investigated the benefits of daylight as an important architectural component that interacts with human behaviour, enhances spatial quality and experiences with a special focus on how daylighting design principles and strategies could be applied to achieve a well-balanced luminous environment in terms of visual comfort energy consumption. This research project started with a detailed analysis of the architectural design concepts and daylighting design strategies of two libraries in Singapore followed by both qualitative and quantitative studies. Users’ subjective appreciations of selected spaces were collected through informal surveys. Field studies and digital parametric studies on daylighting performance were also undertaken. The associated energy saving potential of using daylight in libraries in Singapore is also discussed. The lessons learnt from this study form the base for developing design guidelines on daylighting design in libraries and energy saving in Singapore.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>library</kwd>
        <kwd>daylighting</kwd>
        <kwd>human behaviour</kwd>
        <kwd>visual comfort</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>19 to 22 July 2016</conf-date>
        <conf-name>15th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2016</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>15</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Singapore</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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