As the country’s grand strategy, the rise of central China requires a certain industrial structure. To a large extent, the development of industry is the only way to achieve the rise of central China. However, the long-term dual economic structure of industrial development often means more large-scale energy. Demand and deeper environmental pollution deviate from what is explicitly stated in the 13th Five-Year Plan such as the “No Yangtze River Development” and “Ecological Civilization Construction”. At present, the drastic increase in water pollution and air pollution that accompany the rapid development of the central industry seems to be able to prove in fact that industrial development is indeed an important factor in causing environmental pollution. We cannot help but ask that industrial development has aggravated environmental degradation in the central region. What? Is it possible for industrial development to co-exist with environmental protection? Based on the research, we use the environmental externalities to characterize the complex industrial development impacts of the central industry from 2004 to 2016, and empirically examine the impact of regional technological innovation and industrial development on regional environmental pollution. The results of the study show that: Due to the existence of spatial spillover effects, the coupling effect between industrial development and technological innovation has a nonlinear relationship with environmental pollution, showing an inverted "U" type correlation. The current central region (except Jiangxi) has crossed the inflection point at the right end of the model. At an important threshold for industrial transformation, industrial development or reduction in environmental pollution.