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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2019.170</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2019.170</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>Emission analysis for 1.6lL turbocharged CamPro engine using electric turbocompounding as exhaust energy recovery</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Mat Muhammad</surname><given-names>Mohd Hanif</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Mamat</surname><given-names>Aman Mohd Ihsan</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        <email>amanihsan@salam.uitm.edu.my</email>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Wan Ismail</surname><given-names>Wan Saiful-Islam</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Romagnoli</surname><given-names>Alessandro</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">Automotive Research and Testing Centre (ARTeC), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">Automotive Research and Testing Centre (ARTeC), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, Selangor,Malaysia</aff>
      <aff id="aff3">Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia</aff>
      <aff id="aff4">Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date>
      <volume>18</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-0-85358-331-8</isbn>
      <fpage>455</fpage>
      <lpage>461</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2019.170"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>10 February 2020</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2019 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>This paper presents the emission analysis of a 1.6L turbocharged CamPro engine installed with an electric turbocompounding (ETC) unit. The computational model was accomplished by using a validated 1D engine simulation GT Power. Initially the 1D engine simulation was run with the baseline engine, a 1.6L turbocharged CamPro engine. Then, the ETC unit was located downstream of the main turbocharger. The exhaust energy was recovered by a bespoke high speed Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) which drove the electric generator using a common shaft. The electric energy produced by the high speed electric generator was recorded from the engine simulation that was run from 1000 RPM to 6500 RPM with the increment of 500 RPM. The brake-specific emission, bsGasi, was used to analyse the effect of the ETC on the NOx, CO2, CO and HC. This paper found that the application of the ETC reduced the bsGasi. The maximum reduction of the bsGasNOx and bsGasHC was found at a higher RPM: NOX = 28.8% at 6500 RPM and HC = 9.9 % at 4500 RPM respectively. Additionally, the highest reductions for the bsGasco2 and bsGasco were found at 3500 RPM where the CO2 = 6.9% and the CO=7.2%.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>energy recovery</kwd>
        <kwd>electric turbo-compounding</kwd>
        <kwd>emission</kwd>
        <kwd>internal combustion engine</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>20 to 22 August 2019</conf-date>
        <conf-name>18th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2019</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>18</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
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