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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group><journal-title>SET Proceedings</journal-title></journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2978-4387</issn>
      <publisher><publisher-name>Caravel Press</publisher-name></publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65582/set.2023.077</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2023.077</article-id>
      <title-group><article-title>Assessment of horticulture waste derived biochar for electricity generation: a case study of New Delhi</article-title></title-group>
    <contrib-group>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Kumar</surname><given-names>Ravi</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        <email>rdz218261@iitd.ac.in</email>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Anand</surname><given-names>Abhijeet</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        <email>Abhijeet.anand@rdat.iitd.ac.in</email>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Pant</surname><given-names>Kamal Kishore</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        <email>kkpant@chemical.iitd.ac.in</email>
      </contrib>
      <contrib contrib-type="author">
        <name><surname>Kaushal</surname><given-names>Priyanka</given-names></name>
        <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        <email>priyankak@iitd.ac.in</email>
      </contrib>
      <aff id="aff1">Clean Energy Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas New Delhi-110016 (India)</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">Waste to Wealth Technologies Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas New Delhi-110016 (India)</aff>
    </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date>
      <volume>20</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <isbn publication-format="electronic">978-0-85358-357-8</isbn>
      <fpage>236</fpage>
      <lpage>245</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://caravelpress.com/proceedings/set/papers/2023.077"/>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received"><string-date>15 December 2023</string-date></date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2023 Copyright WSSET</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>Safe disposal of horticulture waste in metropolitan areas is a significant challenge in India. Biochar conversion of horticulture waste biomass and its application for electricity generation could be a sustainable approach toward the safe disposal and clean energy supply, reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The present research aimed at biochar conversion of horticulture waste biomass through slow pyrolysis at 300, 400, 500 &amp; 600 °C and study its suitability for cofiring. It was observed that biochar yield decreased from 65.0 % to 35.6 % on increasing pyrolysis temperature from 300 °C to 600 °C, while pyrolysis gas &amp; bio-oil yield increased from 13.4 % to 24.2 %, &amp; 21.6 % to 40.2 %, respectively. Biochar ultimate analysis showed that C, H, &amp; N content varied between 52.2 - 69.3 %, 2.9 - 5.5 %, &amp; 2.2 - 3.4 %, respectively. Biochar proximate analysis showed that volatile matter decreased from 42.7 % to 14.6 % on increasing temperature from 300 °C to 600 °C, while ash content increased from 10.3 % to 21.5 %. Fuel characteristics calorific value and fuel ratio increased from 21.7 to 28.3 MJ/kg and 1.10 to 4.35 in the same temperature zone. Principal component analysis was applied to study biochar suitability for cofiring. It was determined that biochar produced at 500 °C from horticulture waste was most suitable for cofiring. About 36,500 tons of horticulture waste is annually produced in Delhi, having 14,600 tons of biochar potential. Electrical equivalence of volatile matters obtained from horticulture waste pyrolysis was considered for process heating to decrease energy load for biochar conversion. It was estimated that about 35,107.8 tons of coal could be replaced by horticulture waste-derived biochar. The proposed pathway of horticulture waste-derived biochar cofiring would significantly reduce 308.9 tons of PM (PM2.5 &amp; PM10), 149.2 tons of SO2, 201.9 tons of NOx, 114.1 tons of CO, 7.3 tons of VOC and 0.08 MT of CO2 emissions during electricity generation. The results of the present study find its twin significance in horticulture waste management and reducing dependency on fossil fuels for electricity generation.</p></abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Horticulture waste</kwd>
        <kwd>Pyrolysis</kwd>
        <kwd>Biochar</kwd>
        <kwd>Energy potential</kwd>
        <kwd>Waste valorization</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <conference>
        <conf-date>15 to 17 August 2023</conf-date>
        <conf-name>20th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies</conf-name>
        <conf-acronym>SET2023</conf-acronym>
        <conf-num>20</conf-num>
        <conf-loc>Nottingham, UK</conf-loc>
      </conference>
    </article-meta>
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