Review
Recent Advances in Perovskite–Silicon Tandem Solar Cells: Progress, Challenges, and Pathways to Commercialisation
,
1World Society of Sustainable Energy Technologies, Nottingham, NG11 6AA, United Kingdom
2Department of Marine industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
* Correspondence: James Riffat, [email protected]
- Published
- 28 October 2025
- Pages
- 113-126
- Received
- 17 July 2025
- Revised
- 6 September 2025
- Accepted
- 28 October 2025
- Access
- Open access, CC BY 4.0
Published 28 October 2025·Pages 113-126doi.org/10.61552/EC.2025.009
Received 17 July 2025·Revised 6 Sep 2025·Accepted 28 Oct 2025Open accessunder CC BY 4.0
Check for updatesAbstract
Perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells are emerging as a credible route beyond the limits of single junction silicon. Pairing a wide bandgap perovskite top cell with a silicon bottom cell broadens spectral harvesting while reducing thermal and transmission losses. This review explains the rationale for tandems and synthesises progress in perovskite materials, interface and passivation strategies, and scalable fabrication on flat and textured silicon, including ambient processing. We examine stability under moisture, oxygen, heat and light, advances in encapsulation and ISOS protocols, and implications for reliability. Techno-economic factors are analysed, including LCOE drivers, yield and throughput constraints, and bankability needs. Although certified efficiencies now exceed 29%, deployment still hinges on durable materials, robust tunnel junctions, uniform large-area coatings and credible end-of-life plans. We conclude with priorities for research and industry that could close the gap between laboratory prototypes and market-ready modules within the next five years.
Keywords. Tandem solar cells; Perovskite photovoltaics; Silicon photovoltaics; Thin-film solar cells; Solar cell efficiency
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How to cite this article
Riffat, J. and Samaei, S.R. (2025). 'Recent Advances in Perovskite–Silicon Tandem Solar Cells: Progress, Challenges, and Pathways to Commercialisation'. Energy Catalyst, 1, pp. 113-126. https://doi.org/10.61552/EC.2025.009