Review of Renewable Transport Technologies for Sustainable Environments in European Countries

After the Second World War, the industrial revolution that caused the start of the technological developments and the increase of using fossil fuels as our ultimate energy sources in the world has also brought us the environmental problems the world is facing today. The necessity of housing, which was related to the increasing population, became the reason of rapid and irregular increase of buildings, and the built environments across many countries. As a result of these improvements, the ecological balance in nature was destroyed. The increase of global energy demand and environmental problems related to fossil energy utilisation urged us to look for alternative energy sources in order to replace the traditional fossil fuels. Therefore, the global development of renewable energy technologies can assure sustainable energy systems for transport for the sustainable cities and environments. The paper reviews the current transport systems in specific European countries in Nordic region and the further research and developments on the issue of how the environment can contribute to the development of climate friendly and sustainable transport solutions in order to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases through the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainability. Moreover, it covers an understanding of how to use renewable energy technologies for sustainable transport systems. The paper aims to highlight the solutions in terms of using sustainable energy for public transportation and private vehicles for sustainable environments. In addition, the development of sustainable transport systems in specific European countries and the renewable transport scenarios for developing sustainable environments have been discussed.