An energy management approach with renewable energy sources, electric vehicles and heat pump for electricity demand

The electricity demand for domestic and industrial purposes has been consistently increasing. Additionally, it is predicted that e-mobility and heat pumps (HPs) will trigger a mass of additional electricity demand. It is important that energy sources used to meet this electricity demand should be carefully evaluated to reduce carbon emissions from energy generation and to achieve zero-carbon targets. Electrical power storage becomes a critical technology for smoothing out the unpredictable and intermittent nature of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs). For this reason, the vehicle-to-everything (V2X) concept is being evaluated to offer the opportunity to store renewable energy (RE) in electric vehicle (EV) batteries and discharge this stored energy back to the grid (V2G) or homes (V2H) when needed. The present study set out to examine the effect of EV discharge operations on meeting the electricity demand of a house by using 100% of RESs. Firstly, a house in England, which had a high electricity demand at the peak time of the grid due to high electricity and heating needs in the wintertime was modelled in the study. Then, energy analysis was performed to investigate the effectiveness of V2H technology in responding to the peak electricity demand by using an electric vehicle charged by renewables in a workplace plug-in station.