Optimum scheduling by creating feeder scale islands for continuity of supply of critical loads in emergency network conditions

Because of the increase in distributed generation facilities based on renewable energy sources around the world, one-way energy flow in the electricity distribution network is replaced by multi-directional, multi-point to multi-point and changing according to the times of the day. The fact that most of the users in the electricity distribution network have sensitive loads makes it necessary for individual measures to be replaced by measures to be taken on the basis of the grid. This inevitableness put forward the concept of micro-grid with the approach of minimizing the impact of critical loads from interruptions and malfunctions in the interconnected grid. When analyse in the context of the main grid, the most important advantage of the microgrid is that it has the ability to operate in a controllable structure within the main grid and as a discrete energy source when necessary. From the user's point of view, the ability to meet individual energy needs by providing quality and uninterrupted energy and this situation to prevent possible damages stands out as the biggest advantage of the micro grid. In this study, the necessary technical criteria on the basis of distribution network level and distributed generation level, for the establishment of a distribution feeder-scale micro-grid (isolated island) over power plants connected to the distribution network and renewable energy sources, in order to improve supply continuity in emergency network conditions where the electricity distribution network is without energy, standards and regulatory needs were researched and criteria suitable for such a structure were developed. In this context, pilot feeders connected to a real electricity distribution network were determined on the DIgSILENT Power Factory program, and microgrid (isolated island) modelling was carried out at the scale of the distribution feeder with conventional and distributed generation plants on the feeder. With the study, it has been understood that microgrids to be operated in the distribution feeder scale island mode can be a rational and economical solution in improving the supply continuity indicators in emergencies that cause feeder interruption in medium voltage networks, as long as the necessary criteria are met.