Energy efficiency on smart agriculture with the Internet of Things (IoT): Real-time monitoring of agricultural production

Due to the growing world population and urbanisation, global food demand is increasing rapidly. Along with the increasing global For this reason, monitoring the agricultural production process is important in terms of sustainability and efficiency. Today, network technology has created the possibility to control and monitor agriculture area in real-time. IoT applications, which can offer real-time monitoring of the whole process of agriculture production, are designed to help efficient resource management, low-cost agriculture, and improved quality and quantity. Smart agriculture technology supported by cloud technology, increases agricultural production and provides energy efficiency by using resources at an optimum level. This technology is providing an opportunity for sustainability in agricultural production by monitoring the parameters of the process simultaneously. The integration of fully automated systems is the focus of the transformation for digitalisation in agriculture. In this study, the real-time data monitoring & control application was carried out with Particle Photon Wi-Fi IoT Development Board based on the STM32 ARM Cortex M3 controller. Because of the web-based remote monitoring and control interface, it was possible to measure, evaluate and influence agricultural information such as temperature, humidity and water levels. The designed module had the opportunity to simultaneously evaluate and intervene in basic agricultural activities such as fertilization and irrigation via mobile devices. In this study, a Device-to-Device (D2D) model was proposed which coould monitor agricultural production in web-based real-time data with the interaction of microcontrollers, cloud technology, and sensors.